Earthworm Biodiversity in an Arid Region of Rajasthan, India

Among the dirt fauna, worms have a significant job to improve soil surface. The dirt surface assumes a significant job in water holding limit. Night crawlers have a capacity to upgrade soil qualities. It adds to the breakdown of natural issue and discharge plant supplements (Edwards and Bohlen, 1996). Night crawlers are likewise considered as helpful pointer of the strength of soil biological system (Edwards and Bohlen, 1992) regarding their job in soil richness through discontinuity and stirred up the dirt with mineral molecule, improving microbial movement to breakdown plant natural matter.The commitment of worms in soil turnover, structure arrangement and fill in as a fruitfulness enhancer in various way. Night crawlers are valuable in land improvement and natural waste administration (Edwards and Baker, 1992; Lavelle and Martin, 1992; Johnson, 1997; Villenave et al. , 1999). The dissemination and populace thickness of different night crawler species have been related with soil ty pe and agribusiness land use (Haynes et al. , 2003; Sbrina et al. , 2009). The biodiversity of worms is impacted by physical, concoction and organic properties of soil and climatic states of habitats.Earthworm’s biodiversity is legitimately influenced by soil attributes (Edwards and Lofty, 1977). These people group impacting factors are soil pH, natural issue, nitrogen, C/N proportion, soil dampness and soil surface. Biodiversity is considered HR (Heywood, 1996). As of late, numerous scientists considered the biodiversity and appropriation of night crawlers in the various pieces of the world (Blakemore, 2000, 2002, 2003; Change and Chen, 2004,2005; Blakemore et al. ,2006; Sautter et al. , 2006; Ghafoor et al. , 2008).Present investigation was done in Bikaner area, which is situated in Thar desert of Rajasthan extending 28. 01â ° N 73. 19â ° E. . The normal downpour fall around there is 10† to 15† as it were. In this way, climatic conditions are unfriendly for li fe forms. A large portion of its zone is flooded with tube wells and Indira Gandhi channel. Because of unfriendly conditions from a significant stretch, there is as yet a couple of data about biodiversity and environments. The current investigation will uncovered new fundamental data for additional examination on worms and its environment and utilization of night crawlers in horticulture area.

Kate Chopin :: essays research papers fc

Kate Chopin gives a lot of thought in her writing to issues that she sees as significant. She was urged not to turn into a "useless" spouse; she was additionally engaged with turning into an autonomous lady (LeBlanc 1). Kate Chopin is a notable American author. Kate Chopin was conceived on February 8, 1851, in St. Louis, Missouri. At 53 years old, on August 22, 1904, she passed on because of cerebral discharge (Hoffman 1-2). Kate is the girl of Eliza Faris O’Flaherty and Thomas O’Flaherty. Her dad was a settled trader, who participated in numerous business speculations. He is one of the authors of the Pacific Railroad, and was on the train when it collided with the Gasconade River, in 1885. Her mom Eliza, was an individual from an extremely tip top social gathering, in their French-Creole people group. After Kate’s father died, her mom turned out to be considerably more strict, and builds up a closer relationship with Kate. Kate additionally has a more established relative, George O’Flaherty. He was a Confederate solider in the Civil War, and in 1863 was caught by the Union powers, and bites the dust of typhoid fever while in jail. Kate spent her adolescence in St. Louis Missouri (Hoffman 1). Kate Chopin was just hitched once, and it was to Oscar Chopin, a prosperous cotton rancher. The two were hitched one June 9, 1870, after a yearlong romance. Kate and Oscar had six youngsters, five young men and one young lady. Jean was conceived in 1871, Oscar Jr. in 1873, George in 1874, Frederick in 1876, Felix in 1878 and Lelia in 1879(Hoffman 1-2). At the point when his cotton business bombed they moved to Cloutierville, a humble community in Louisiana. They were hitched for 12 Â ½ years. In 1882 Oscar kicked the bucket of Malaria, and Kate brought up the youngsters all alone. Two years after Oscar kicked the bucket Kate and her kids moved in with her mom. Not exactly a year later her mom kicked the bucket and she was all alone once more. Kate got proper training at the Academy of the Sacred Heart in St. Louis. She appreciates music, perusing, composing, French and German. She got familiar with the two dialects. Later in her life she proceeds with her instruction by contemplating science and human studies. Kate Chopin is known to be a very savvy lady. (Toth 116) notwithstanding composing the main other profession Kate Chopin has, is being a housewife.

The Most Powerful Ways to Create Topical Topics

The Most Powerful Ways to Create Topical TopicsTopics on expository essays come in many shapes and sizes. Some topics have strict procedures for evaluation, whereas others are based on the reader's perception and opinion.Topics can also be subjective or objective. They may not be able to be categorized.For an expository essay to be able to move and establish its own voice, it has to be personal, original, persuasive, and to the point. In order to accomplish this, the writer should not use any form of clichés, unimaginative phrases, and word plays. To achieve the goal of 'making a statement', a writer should only resort to such techniques as punctuation, grammar, language, and formatting.Topics on expository essays can range from academic to topical. It depends on the nature of the subject, the focus of the article, and the theme of the content. All these elements will determine the type of topic to be tackled. The writer must base his or her topic on the paper itself.For academic su bjects, the most suitable topics will include the main ideas and theories that are commonly used. The theory or explanation can either be written or discussed in the article. The main idea is basically the backbone of the expository essay. Other than theory, some other topics could be on the selection of the right words to use, correct punctuation, to be exact, on the usage of proper grammar, and on the right way to structure a sentence or paragraph.Topics that pertain to any specific area can include some and all aspects of the topic. Some topics that may be tackled include sports, movies, education, business, politics, religion, management, weight loss, health, and crime among others. All these topics may appear to be unrelated to each other, but they can still be put under one overall topic.Topics on expository essays that are relevant to a specific group or topic are called topical. This is where a topic may pertain to one or more groups of people. Some examples of topical topic s include jobs, relationships, sports, toys, and holidays. Such topics could be a topic on how to deal with situations where the other person might get offended. Sometimes the question is posed as to whether the person really needs to prepare for such a situation in the first place.Topic suggestions may also be found through various sources, such as magazines, TV and radio programs, and Internet. In this case, the writer will have to look at the various topics to find one that would best fit the piece of writing. Using this method, the writer would still have to consider the fact that there are numerous topics that can be tackled. It is important to identify the specific target audience in the piece of writing, the purposes of the readership, and the exact topic that would be best addressed.

The 9 Best Apps to Learn French in 2019

How To Use Si, the Word for If in Spanish

Usually, if and its Spanish equivalent, si, are used to form what are known as conditional sentences. Although the rules of Spanish grammar for conditional sentences can get complex, in the vast majority of cases the main thing you need to know is which verb tense to use after si. Verb Tense in Spanish If Sentences The first thing is to remember that except in very rare cases, si is never followed by a verb in the present-tense subjunctive mood. That said, there are basically two types of si clauses that become part of a sentence: Sentences in which the condition is likely or reasonably likely. This is known grammatically as an open condition. For example, in the clause si llueve (if it rains), rain is seen as a distinct possibility.Sentences in which the condition is contrary to fact or is unlikely. For example, the clause si lloviera can be translated as if it were to rain. Note the difference in meaning from the example above; in this case, while rain is a possibility, it is seen as unlikely. An example of a contrary-to-fact condition is a clause such as si yo fuera rico, if I were rich. Grammatically, contrary-to-fact and unlikely conditions are treated the same way. The correct verb tense following si can be observed in the above examples. In open conditions, conditions where the possibility is reasonably likely, si is followed by the present indicative tense (the most common tense, probably the first one you learned as a Spanish student). If the condition is unlikely or false, a past subjunctive (usually the imperfect subjunctive) is used. This is the case even when the condition is something that refers to the present. In Spanish, as in English, the si clause can either precede or follow the rest of the sentence. Thus a sentence such as si llueve voy de compras (if it rains Im going shopping) is the equivalent of voy de compras si llueve (Im going shopping if it rains). Sample Sentences Using Si Here are some examples of open conditions: Si tengo dinero, me irà © de viaje. (If I have money, Ill go on a trip. The fact of having money is seen as reasonably likely.)Si la casa es usada, le aconsejamos que un profesional la inspeccione. (If the house is used, we advise that you have a professional inspect it. A sentence like this might be used in giving advice, where the condition here is seen as a real possibility.)Si lo quieres,  ¡pà ­delo! (If you want it, ask for it!)Van a salir si el presidente y los otros ladrones ganan las elecciones. (They are going to leave if the president and the other thieves win the elections.)Si sales, salgo tambià ©n. (If you leave, Im leaving too.)Si gana Sam, voy a llorar. (If Sam wins, Ill cry.) Here are some examples of unlikely or contrary-to-fact conditions: Si yo fuera tà º, tomarà ­a una responsabilidad propia. (If I were you, I would take appropriate responsibility. There is no possibility that I will become you.)Si yo tuviera dinero, irà ­a al cine. (If I had the money, I would go to the movies. The speaker is saying she doesnt have the money. If the present tense were used, si tengo dinero, she would be saying there is a reasonable likelihood of having money.)Mi hermana irà ­a muchas veces a la playa si supiera nadar. (My sister would go to the beach often if she knew how to swim.)Si ella hubiera tenido dinero, habrà ­a ido al cine. (If she had had the money, she would have gone to the movies.)Si ganara Sam, llorarà ­a. (If Sam were to win, Id cry.) A Quick Note About Writing The word si should not be confused with sà ­, a common word of affirmation, often translated as yes. The latter word is always spelled with a written or orthographic accent to distinguish the two, although they are pronounced identically. Key Takeaways When si (meaning if) is followed by a verb, the verb is in the present indicative if the condition stated is true or probable.When si is followed by a verb, the verb is in a past subjunctive if the condition stated is false or improbable.The past subjunctive is used for improbabilities even if the condition stated is one that applies to the present time.

The Proces of Evolution - 653 Words

Without evolution, and the constant ever changing environment, the complexity of living organisms would not be as it is. Evolution is defined as a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations (8).Scientists believe in the theory of evolution. This belief is based on scientific evidence that corroborates the theory of evolution. In Figure 1 the pictures of the skulls depict the sequence of the evolution of Homo-sapiens. As the figure shows, man has evolved from our common ancestor that is shared by homo-sapiens. The change of diet of homo-sapiens over time has thought to contribute to the change in jaw structure and overall skull shape. The process of evolution comprises of many complex of mechanisms. These mechanisms fundamentally allow the progression of speciation and adaptation to occur. There are 4 common kinds of evolutionary mechanism of change: Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Mutation and Migration. Natural selection is based on the concept â€Å"survival of the fittest† where the most favourable individual best suited in the environment survive and pass on their genes for the next generation. Those individual who are less suited to the environment will die. Another mechanism is a hereditable type of evolution is mutations. Mutations are alterations to a gene. Mutation can be harmful, beneficial or neutral. Mutations are the origin of the source of genetic diversity (9).Mutation that are harmful, hinders the chances of theShow MoreRelatedRealism and Film Form1980 Words   |  8 Pagesworks with, but colors and lines, while reality is at the base of cinema, which originally, before being an art, was a mechanical proces designed to record the world. The shots are not simbols for the outter world, like words. They are the traces, the prints, captured by light, without one’s subjectivity interfering like it would in painting. 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Reports, that through the marvels of miniaturization, people with symptoms that indicate a possible in the gastrointestinal tract can now swallow a tiny camera that takes snapshots inside the body forRead MorePill Camera3074 Words   |  13 Pagesgullet or stomach. However, despite the effectiveness of this process to diagnose the patients, research shows that endoscopy is a pain stacking process not only for the patients, but also for the doctors and nurses as well. From this, the evolution of the wireless capsule endoscope has emerged. Reports, that through the marvels of miniaturization, people with symptoms that indicate a possible in the gastrointestinal tract can now swallow a tiny camera that takes snapshots inside the body forRead MoreOrder Fulfillment: The Hidden Key to eCommerce Success5798 Words   |  24 Pagesbeing able to give customers what they want, Fall 1999 Illustration by Roger Roth when they want it, and how they want it—all at the lowest cost. 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Ocd Abstract free essay sample

Abstract Sometimes we think we know ourselves better than anybody else. But havent you asked yourself why youre acting the way you act and you cant even figure the answer out? This tells us that we dont truly know ourselves because there are still questions unanswered. Try to imagine how our behavior changes to the point that we are no longer in control of it. We experience strange behavior once in our life but is this really natural or is it a disorder? Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by persistent and repetitive thoughts (obsession) and actions (compulsions). We tend to ignore symptoms and we didnt know that these can lead to a devastating results if left untreated. OCD is a growing epidemic in society and we should take it seriously once we see the early symptoms. It doesnt matter if youre a child, an adult or even if youre on your 60s, everybody can be a victim of this disorder. We will write a custom essay sample on Ocd Abstract or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This disorder may interfere with our daily routine and it can have a bad impact on relationships for some people. Theres a lot of factors causing OCD such as biological, psychological and sociocultural and it can also be inherited and pass on to the next generation without awareness. However, this can be prevented by having enough knowledge to point out what is wrong, and how to treat it. Cognitive-behavior therapy is one of the emerging solution for this disorder. It combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy by helping clients regularly act out their new ways of thinking and talking in their everyday life. Its never too late to think and look for possible solutions for OCD. Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder, biological factor, psychological factors, sociocultural factors, cognitive-behavior therapy

An Overview of Historic Preservation

An Overview of Historic Preservation Historic preservation is a movement in planning designed to conserve old buildings and areas in an effort to tie a places history to its population and culture. It is also an essential component to green building in that it reuses structures that are already present as opposed to new construction. Additionally, historic preservation can help a city become more competitive because historic, unique buildings give areas more prominence when compared to the homogeneous skyscrapers that dominate in many large cities. It is important to note, however, that historic preservation is a term used only in the United States and it did not gain prominence until the 1960s when it started in response to urban renewal, an earlier failed planning movement. Other English-speaking countries often use the term heritage conservation to refer to the same process while architectural conservation refers just to the preservation of buildings. Other terms include urban conservation, landscape preservation, built environment/heritage conservation, and immovable object conservation. History of Historic Preservation Although the actual term historic preservation did not become popular until the 1960s, the act of conserving historic places dates back to the mid-17th Century. At this time, wealthy Englishmen consistently collected historic artifacts, leading to their preservation. It was not until 1913 though that historic preservation became a part of English law. In that year the Ancient Monuments Act in the United Kingdom officially preserved structures there with historical interest. In 1944, preservation became a major component to planning in the U.K. when the Town and Country Planning Act put the preservation of historic places into the forefront of laws and approval of planning projects. In 1990, another Town and Country Planning Act passed and the protection of public buildings grew even more. In the United States, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities was founded in 1889 in Richmond, Virginia as the first state historic preservation group in the country. From there, other areas followed suit and in 1930, Simons and Lapham, an architectural firm, helped created the first historic preservation law in South Carolina. Shortly thereafter, the French Quarter in New Orleans, Louisiana became the second area to fall under a new preservation law. The preservation of historic places then hit the national scene in 1949 when the U.S. National Trust for Historic Preservation developed a specific set of goals for preservation. The organization’s mission statement claimed that it aimed to protect structures providing leadership and education and that it also wanted to save America’s diverse historic places and revitalize [its] communities. Historic preservation then became a part of the curriculum at many universities in the U.S. and the world that taught urban planning. In the U.S., historic preservation became a large component in the planning profession in the 1960s after urban renewal threatened to destroy many of the nation’s most historic places in major cities like Boston, Massachusetts and Baltimore, Maryland. Divisions of Historic Places Within planning, there are three main divisions of historic areas. The first and most important to planning is the historic district. In the United States, this is a group of buildings, properties, and/or other sites that are said to be historically significant and in need of protection/redevelopment. Outside of the U.S., similar places are often called conservation areas. This is a common term used in Canada, India, New Zealand, and the U.K. to designate places with historical natural features, cultural areas, or animals to be protected. Historic parks are the second division of areas within historic preservation while historic landscapes are the third. Significance in Planning Historic preservation is important to urban planning because it represents an effort to conserve old building styles. In doing so, it forces planners to identify and work around the protected places. This usually means the insides of buildings are renovated for prestigious office, retail, or residential space, which can result in a competitive downtown as rents are normally high in these areas because they are popular gathering places. In addition, historic preservation also results in a less homogenized downtown landscape. In many new cities, the skyline is dominated by glass, steel, and concrete skyscrapers. Older cities that have had their historic buildings preserved may have these but they also have interesting older buildings. For example in Boston, there are new skyscrapers, but the renovated Faneuil Hall shows the importance of the areas history and also serves as a meeting place for the citys population. This represents a good combination of the new and old but also shows one of the main goals of historic preservation. Criticisms of Historic Preservation Like many movements in planning and urban design, historic preservation has had a number of criticisms. The largest is the cost. While it might not be more expensive to renovate old buildings instead of building new, the historic buildings are often smaller and therefore cannot accommodate as many businesses or people. This raises rents and forces lower income uses to relocate. In addition, critics say the popular style of newer high rise buildings can cause the smaller, old buildings to become dwarfed and undesirable. Despite these criticisms, historic preservation has been an important part of urban planning. As such, many cities around the world today were able to retain their historic buildings so future generations can see what cities may have looked like in the past and recognize that times culture through its architecture.

How to Write You in Chinese Characters

How to Write You in Chinese Characters From a simple greeting to forming complex sentences, learning the Chinese character for you is integral to conversing in Chinese. Here is a quick explanation on which type of you to use depending on the situation, what the character symbolizes, and how to pronounce it.   Informal, Formal, and Plural   The informal way to say you in Chinese is ä ½   (nÇ ). This form of you is casually used to address friends, peers, anyone you have a close relationship with, and typically people who are younger than you.   The formal version of you is æ‚ ¨Ã‚  (nà ­n). æ‚ ¨ should be used when addressing elders, respected figures, and persons of higher rank or status. If you are addressing multiple people at once, you in the plural is ä ½   ä » ¬ (nÇ  men).   Radicals The Chinese character ä ½   is composed of a crown or cover (å†â€") that goes over Ã¥ ° , which on its own is the word for â€Å"small. The left half of the character consists of the radical: ä º ». This radical derives from the character ä º º (rà ©n) which translates to person or people. Thus,  Ã¤ º »is the person radical which implies that the meaning of the character relates to people. Pronunciation ä ½   (nÇ ) is in the third tone, which takes on a falling then rising tone. When uttering the syllable, start from a high pitch, go down, and come back up.   æ‚ ¨ (nà ­n) is in the second tone. This is a rising tone, which means you start from a low pitch then go upwards.   Character Evolution An earlier form of you in Chinese was a pictograph of a balanced load. This symbol was later simplified to the character Ã¥ °â€. Eventually, the person radical was added. In its current form, ä ½   could be read as â€Å"someone who is balanced, or of equal stature,† meaning â€Å"you.† Mandarin Vocabulary With NÇ  Now that you know how to write and say you in Chinese, its time to apply your knowledge! Here are a few examples of common Chinese words and phrases that include  Ã¤ ½  . ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nÇ Ã‚  hÇŽo): Helloä ½  Ã¨â€¡ ªÃ¥ · ± (nÇ  zà ¬ jÇ ): Yourself我çˆ ±Ã¤ ½   (wÇ’ i  nÇ ): I love youè ¿ ·Ã¤ ½   (mà ­ nÇ ): Mini (a phonetic translation)ç ¥ Ã¤ ½  Ã§â€Å¸Ã¦â€" ¥Ã¥ ¿ «Ã¤ ¹  (zhà ¹ nÇ  shÄ“ngrà ¬ kuilà ¨): Happy birthday

Radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy Essay

Radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy - Essay Example For example, tumor cells often lack the necessary mechanisms required to effectively repair radiation damages. Despite the relative efficacy, safety and reliability of most conventional radiation modalities one of the key problems associated with many photon beams therapies is how to deliver an ideal dose that will kill all the tumor cells without affecting the surrounding normal tissues. However, this is often difficult to achieve due to the unavoidable deposition of radiation dose at the point of radiation entrance (Durante and Loeffler, 2010, p.42). The therapeutic application of charged particle energy beams began in 1946 after the discovery of the radiobiological properties of proton beams. Since then, the use of particle beam radio therapy procedures such as proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy is increasingly gaining importance in therapeutic radiobiology particularly in the treatment of diseases such as cancer (Cunha, 2010, p.1505). The delivery of the radiat ion in sessions (fractionation) in particle beam therapy also ensures that the target cells are destroyed while the surrounding normal tissues are able to repair themselves. This is particularly attributed to their characteristic physical depth-dose distribution ability that ensures maximum high precision impact on the target tumor cells. Compared to the conventional photon radiotherapy, the use of high energy beams of charged protons, neutrons and heavy ions provides significant advantages particularly in the treatment of deep localized tumors. For example, treating cancerous or tumor cells using beams of charged particles allow a more precise approach than most of the conventional radiotherapy modalities. This consequently shortens the treatment time while at the same time minimizing the irradiation of the surrounding disease free tissues. This paper critically analyzes the radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy as well as their potential benefits an d limitations. Figure 1: Comparative lateral penumbra for photons, protons and heavy ions (carbon ions) Proton Therapy Proton beam radiotherapy is increasingly being used due to its numerous potential physical and radiobiological advantages over the conventional radiotherapy techniques. According to Schulz-Ertner and Tsujii (2007, p.954), protons are particularly preferred as a radio therapy option due to their distinct depth –dose profile which makes them particularly suitable for therapeutic use in deep seated, localized and radioresistant tumors. Although the use of proton therapy for tumor treatment is currently a well established therapeutic modality in many parts of the world, the application of other heavy ions and neutrons is still restricted to a few medical facilities due to the potential dangers associated with such high energy beams. Proton particle therapy works by directing energetic ionizing particles such as protons, neutrons or heavy ions towards the target t umor cells. The particles then damage the DNA of the target cells thereby causing their ultimate death. The radiation induced cell death is primarily caused by the damage to the nuclear materials due to secondary electron production. For example, particle beams such as protons often deposit their energy at higher linear energy transfer (LET) compared to electromagnetic radiation (Fokas et al., 2009, pp.224). The dose deposited in the surrounding tissues is one of the most important aspects of particle beam

Air vs Freight forum 352 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Air vs Freight forum 352 - Essay Example Airfreight carries relatively less weight (Luger, 2008). Reliability also plays a vital role in this comparison. Despite having a short history, Airfreight wins this battle of reliability comfortably. Weather conditions delay flights but airfreight companies are usually more responsible and efficient in handling the situation and making up for the delays. On the other hand the shipping companies also get off-track due to weather and storms but shipping companies are not very good at making up for the delay. The route can also play a deciding factor in making this decision and a combination of both air and sea fright might be the best choice. For instance a shipment from Hong Kong to Sharjah and from Sharjah to Frankfurt is divided into two parts; Hong Kong to Sharjah is done by sea and from Sharjah to Frankfurt by air, this way the transportation costs are reduced by 50% when going from ocean freight and the time is cut by 75% compared to only using an ocean freight (Branch, 2007). T he environmental impact should also be considered before choosing the route. The carbon fingerprint of Airfreight is much higher than oceanfreight (Bretzke & Barkawi, 2012). Considering this factor it becomes relatively easier to decide that it is not always about the cost because the damage to the environment is almost

Smoking ban Essay Example for Free

Smoking ban Essay Smoking ban in almost all work places and public areas has made hotly debated issue of late. While many people approve of this legislation, some take issue with it for fear of their freedom being restricted. Nevertheless, from my personal standpoint, I am convinced that banning smoking has its pros and cons for the reasons illustrated below. On the one hand, it is irrefutable that cigar prohibition protects human’s health. To demonstrate, when having fewer chances of smoking, people, both smokers and non smokers, can avoid critical diseases, particularly lung cancer and ingesting blockage. Additionally, it may also prevent working environment from being spoilt, especially beneficial for non smokers, who find it impossible to concentrate sitting in smokes. A further point worth mentioning is by this ban we can reduce dramatically the rate of frequent absentees, when workers have to go out puffing a cigarette and therefore decrease work outcomes’ quality. On the whole, should prohibition against smoking in place, it will benefit not only smokers, non smokers’ health but also their working productivity. On the other hand, there still are some drawbacks luking in this new set of law. In smokers’ viewpoints, it is human’s right to decide to smoke wherever they want. Furthermore, if heavy smokers are kept from smoking for too long, chances are that it will render them unable to get down to work, not to mention being irritable and awkward to their colleuges. Last but not least, prohibiting people from smoking in offices, where they are for most of their waking time, threatens a dramatic drop in tobacco industry ‘ sales, which is contributing a large amount of money to taxations. Nonetheless, cigarette ban, in my view, is too strict and not utterly satisfactory in some cases. This is because there are many people who work alone in an office, which, in turn, means they will not harm others even if they smoke all days.

Partner Abuse Essays -- essays research papers

Partner Abuse Table of Contents Introduction 1 Literary review 1 Sampling 4 Data Collection 4 Data Analysis 4 Conclusion 6 Work Cited 7   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hypothesis: Do students believe that partner abuse is a problem on college campus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Domestic violence spans the range of violent encounters and includes physical assaults, sexual assaults, verbal assaults, intimidation, threats, extreme emotional or psychological neglect and even death. The hypothesis of this paper is do students believe that partner abuse is a problem on college campus. To find out this I will include a literary review, which will include theories of why it might occur and prof from other sources. Most important a survey given out to Curry college students and its results will be included. I choose this topic to educate students on the violence in dating relationships. Literary review   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Partner violence is typically defined as an act carried out with the intention of causing physical or mental pain to another person. Partner abuse is not only important as a phenomenon in itself but also because it precedes marital violence and thus may provide a link in transmission of violence. Here are some theories that may provide some reasons how partner abuse occurs and the prof that it is a problem on college campuses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On theory of dating violence is the social learning theory. This theory examines the effects of either experiencing abuse as child or witnessing abusive between one's parents. Reachers of dating violence have found that there is a history of abuse is related to later involvement in an abusive relationship for both males and females. Also, found that having been abused as a child predicted later involvement in abuse for women but not for men. Abusive men were more likely to have witnessed violence between their parents than were women in an abusive marriage. Similarly, found that although more abused wives, they still were less likely to have witnessed marital violence than had non husbands. Therefore, although a history of either witnessing or experiencing abuse seems of either witnessing or experience abuse seems prevalent between men and women in abusive relationships, the exact nature of that influence on men and women remains unclear. (Alexander, Pamela C Journal of marria... ...o abusive situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The two most important findings that support my hypothesis. The first was that 75% of the surveyed stated that yes they have seen an incident of abuse either physical or verbal on campus. The second was that 60% of the student surveyed felt it was a problem on Curry colleges campuses. It has been shown in this paper that domestic abuse in the form of partner abuse is a problem on college campuses. I feel that this topic should be researched more widely and should be dealt with. Work Cited Alexander, Pamela C. Journal of marriage and the family What is transmitted in the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  interggenerational transition of violence. 53, August 1991: p657-667 Caulfield, Marie B Journal of interpersonal violence The Assessment of dating aggression:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Empirical evaluation of the conflict tactics scale v7 n3 sep. 1992: p350-64 Deacon, James Maclean's Sexes what is ‘abuse'? v106 February /22/ 93 p54 LeJeune, Chad Journal of interpersonal violence Taking Responsibility: sex differences in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  reporting dating violence v.9 n.2 p181-94 1995

Children’s literature

Literature is (a) imaginative or creative writing; (b) distinguish writing, with deep sublime, noble feelings. It includes oral tradition passed on from generation to generation by word of mouth (e. g. proverbs, myths, legends, epic, folk song, etc. ). Literature, as defined by the oxford, etc. , valued as works of art (drama, fiction, essays, poetry, biography) contrasted with technical books and journalism; (2) all the writing of a country (French lit. ) or a period (18th Century English Lit. ); (3) printed material describing or advertising e. g. pamphlets; (4) books dealing with special subjects, travel, poultry farming.Literature is an art expressing beauty through the medium of language; a recreation through language of human situation and experiences, the orchestration of the manifold but elemental experiences of man blended into harmonious and desired patterns of expressions and a faithful reproduction of life executed in an artistic pattern (Del Prado). Why Study Literature? Literature leads to personal fulfilment and academic gains.Separating the values into personal and academic is an intellectual distinction, since both types benefit the students and are all proper parts of a student’s schooling. The distinction is useful, however, since teachers and librarians must often justify the benefits of literature in the classroom and find the academic benefits the most convincing ones for administrators and parents. Enjoyment The most important personal gain that good books offer to students is the most obvious one-enjoyment.Those of you who read widely as students will never forget the stories that were so tragic that you almost cried out, some were so funny that you laughed out, the poem that was so lifting that you never forgot it, or the mystery that was so scary that your heart thumped with apprehension. Such positive early experience often leads to a lifetime of reading enjoyment. Imagination and Inspiration By seeing the world around them in new ways and by considering ways of living other than their own, students increase their ability to think divergently.Stories often map the divergent paths that our ancestors might have taken or that our descendants might someday take. Through the vicarious experience of entering a different world from the present one, students develop their imaginations. In addition, stories about people, both real and imaginary, can inspire students to overcome obstacles, accept different perspectives, and formulate personal goals. The Academic Value of Literature to Student In addition to the personal benefits of literature for yong readers, there are several important academic benefits.Reading Many of you may have reached the common-sense deduction that reading ability, like any other skill, improves with practice. Many teachers and librarians believe that regular involvement with excellent and appropriate literature can foster language development to young people and can help them to learn to r ead and to value reading. Writing Since people tend to assimilate or adopt what they like of what they read and hear, young people may, by listening to and reading literature, begin to develop their own writing â€Å"voice†, or unique, personal writing style.By listening to and reading excellent literature, children are exposed to rich vocabulary and excellent writing styles, which serve as good models for their own speaking and writing voices. The acquisition of a larger vocabulary through reading offers young writers a better word choice for their own stories. Devices found in books such as the use of dialect, dialogue, and precise descriptions are often assimilated into students’ own writing. Vicarious ExperienceWhen a story is convincing written that readers feel as though they have live through an experience or have actually been in the place and time where the story is set, the book have given them a vicarious experience. Experiences such as these are broadening students to stories from many lands and cultures, teachers and libraries are building a solid foundation for multicultural and international understanding. Walking in someone else’s shoes often help students to develop a greater capacity to empathize with others.Students around the world can benefit from stories that explain what life is, for people who are restricted by handicaps, politics, or circumstances or whose lives are different from theirs because of culture or geography. Likewise, young readers of today can relate on a more personal level with the events and people of history. Heritage Stories that are handed down from one generation to the next connect us to our past, to the roots of our specific cultures, national heritage, and general human condition. Stories are the repositories of culture.Knowing the tales, characters, expression, riddles, lullabies, songs, and adages that are part of our cultural heritage makes us culturally literate. Stories based on fact hel p young people to gain a greater appreciation for what history is and for the people, both ordinary and extraordinary who made history. Art Appreciation Illustration in some literature books (Children’s Literature) can be appreciated both for its ability to help tell the story (cognitive value) and for its value as art (aesthetic value).Picture books are profusely illustrated books in which the illustrations are, to varying degrees, essential to the enjoyment and understanding of the story. For this reason, illustrations in picture books are said to be integral to the story. The illustration in picture books provides actual plot or concept information as well as clues to character traits, settings, and moods. Without the illustrations, therefore these books would be diminished, and in some case the story would make no sense or would be nonexistent.

Why Play Is Effective Or Not - 952 Words

Literature Review The importance of play has been a long debated topic in elementary schools across the United States. There have been numerous research studies conducted to discover if play is effective or not. Psychologist Lev Vygotsky s theory of cognitive development posits that information from the external world is transformed and internalized through language. Since language is both a symbolic system of communication and a cultural tool used to transmit culture and history, play is an essential part of both language development and a child s understanding of the external world (Bodrova Leong, 2010). Children have dialogues with others when they engage in play, which enhances cognitive development. Lev Vygotsky was one of the first theorists to research the idea of play, and his ideas are still be tested today. Many researchers have found out that more play time is better for educating children. An article in the New York Times stated that in the United States the average first-grader spend s seven hours a day at school, sometimes without any recess, much less one outdoors and unstructured (Strauss, 2015). Debbie Rhea, an associate dean of the Harris College created a research intervention that occurred over a two year period of time that collected data. The study showed that †¦adding extra recess can improve student discipline, focus and academic success without increasing the length of the school day or taking time away from classroom activities (2015). RheaShow MoreRelated Aristotle’s Elements of Tragedy1473 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle’s study of poetry mainly focused on the elements to a good tragedy. Some of his elements have been used in Greek tragedies and modern movies. The Greek play, Medea, and the modern movie, No Country for Old Men, use elements from Aristotle philosophy, while using similar and different techniques but both achieving an effective tragedy. 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